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Torture is a Universal Sin and a Crime against Humanity

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The Committee against Torture opened its seventy-eighth session in Geneva on October 30 and will continue until November 24, 2023. The body of 10 independent experts is headed by Dr. Claude Heller of Mexico. The Committee will examine the implementation of the ‘Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment’ by its States parties.

It is worth mentioning here that the Convention against ‘Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment’ was adopted on December 10, 1984. It entered into force on June 26, 1987. Article 1, of the Convention, reads, “For the purposes of this Convention, the term “torture” means any act by which severe pain or suffering, whether physical or mental, is intentionally inflicted on a person for such purposes as obtaining from him or a third person information or a confession, punishing him for an act he or a third person has committed or is suspected of having committed, or intimidating or coercing him or a third person, or for any reason based on discrimination of any kind when such pain or suffering is inflicted by or at the instigation of or with the consent or acquiescence of a public official or other person acting in an official capacity.”

Dr Alice Jill Edwards (Australia), United Nations Special Rapporteur on Torture told the United Nations Third Committee, “There is a persistent accountability gap for torture and ill-treatment worldwide, caused in part by the systemic denial, deliberate obstruction and purposeful evasion of responsibility by public authorities.” She added, “when a State fails to defend truth and justice, it becomes an accomplice in torture. Some States wrongly perceive criminal investigations into torture as a direct attack on their legitimacy. On the contrary, what threatens governmental legitimacy is impunity.”

Human Rights Watch (HRW) talks about torture in these words, “The prohibition against torture is a bedrock principle of international law. Torture, as well as cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment, is banned at all times, in all places, including in times of war. No national emergency, however dire, ever justifies its use.”

So, Torture is a universal sin and a crime against humanity. Torture with impunity, nonetheless, is widespread in the disputed territory of Kashmir. The abuses are so extensive as to extend beyond those directly affected, reaching every man, woman, and child in the Valley of Kashmir. The civilians live under the constant threat of abuse. The overwhelming presence of 900,000 Indian military and paramilitary forces serves as a constant reminder to Kashmiris that they are not free people, but a people subjugated and enslaved against their will.

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India has authorized a police state reminiscent of the Gestapo in Kashmir. The Jammu and Kashmir Public Safety Act, The Armed Forces Special Powers Act, The Disturbed Areas Act, The Unlawful Activities Prevention Act are illustrative. Generally speaking, these laws empower the Indian military and paramilitary forces in Kashmir to arrest, detain, torture, search, wiretap, tr, and punish without material restraints.”

Tens of thousands of Indian officials are guilty of war crimes in Kashmir. These crimes include willful killing, torture, rape, wanton destruction of civilian properties and maiming of innocent civilians. These brutalities are commonplace in Kashmir and have been verified by numerous impartial human rights NGOs.

Ms. Arundhati Roy, an internationally acclaimed novelist of India wrote, “The documentation of instances of torture, disappearances, custodial deaths, rape and gang-rape (by security forces in Kashmir) is enough to make your blood run cold. The fact that despite all this India retains its reputation as a legitimate democracy in the international community and amongst its own middle class is a triumph.”

Dr. Juan E. Mendez, Former United Nations Special Rapporteur on Torture and Professor of Human rights Law in Residence at American University, Washington, Dc wrote about the ‘Torture Report on Kashmir’, “Hopefully, a serious debate among the Indian public about this report will prompt the national authorities to take the matter of torture seriously and establish effective control and to act as a more responsible global citizen and cooperate with the human rights machinery at the United Nations.”

Aljazeera reported that “Human Rights bodies say India uses torture as ‘instrument of control’ to quash rebellion in Indian-administered Kashmir.”

Amnesty International reported, “The Indian government must take urgent steps for the protection of the people of Kashmir…Indian government’s historical failure to protect the people of Kashmir will keep feeding into this never-ending cycle of abuses and impunity.”

The United States, Department of States, 2022 Country Report on Human Rights Practices in India says, “According to human rights NGOs, police used torture, other mistreatment, and arbitrary detention to obtain forced or false confessions.”

It is gravely sinful for any nation to remain silent or passive over frightful human rights violations anywhere in the world, including Kashmir.

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Edmund Burke wrote that all that is necessary for the triumph of evil is for good men and women to do nothing. Bishop Desmond Tutu lectured that “Apathy in the face of systematic human rights violations is immoral. One neither supports justice and freedom or one supports injustice and bondage.”

Let me also tell you that even in today’s violent world, the behaviour of the Indian occupation regime in Kashmir is singular in so far as it has enjoyed total impunity from the restraint imposed through international action or persuasions.  No word of disapproval, much less condemnation, has been uttered by the international community. There has not been a call on India to cease and desist from the murderous course it has chosen for itself in Kashmir. Such passivity, such unfeeling and indifference, let no one blame the Kashmiris for concluding, amounts to encouragement of tyranny.

Does anyone seriously believe that if the ICC statue were ratified by India, a single Indian soldier or civilian official would ever be prosecuted before the ICC? Of course, NOT. India has sneered at international law for decades, and the international community has yawned, whether the violations were in Kashmir or with minorities within India. Although not contrary to international law, India showed itself utterly contemptuous of international moral sentiments. It stands proudly outside the mainstream of international conventions.

And the Biden Administration would do nothing to call India to account. The United Nations Security Council has sat on its hands for over 76 years over Kashmir. President Biden stood mute when he met Prime Minister Modi at the White House on June 22, 2023, and then at G20 meeting on September 9, 2023, in New Delhi, India.

He never paid any attention to the warning of Dr. Gregory Stanton, Chairman, Genocide watch who said that Kashmir was at the brink of genocide and New York-based Committee to Protect Journalists that the news media in Kashmir was at the brink of extinction. I still believe that President Biden will tell Prime Minister Modi to lead with the power of example and NOT the example of power to resolve the Kashmir conflict for the sake of international peace and security.

Dr Ghulam Nabi Fai is the Chairman World Forum for Peace and Justice

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Analysis

China warns US to choose between cooperation or confrontation: Blinken given ultimatum

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According to reports, China has warned the United States that it must choose between “cooperation or confrontation” in their relationship. The comments were made by Yang Jiechi, a senior Chinese diplomat, during a virtual meeting with US Secretary of State Antony Blinken. The meeting was the first high-level talks between the two countries since President Joe Biden took office.

The warning comes amid growing tensions between the US and China over a range of issues, including trade, human rights, and Taiwan. The two countries have been engaged in a trade war since 2018, which has seen both sides impose tariffs on each other’s goods. In addition, the US has imposed sanctions on Chinese officials over the treatment of Uighur Muslims in Xinjiang, while China has been accused of cracking down on democracy in Hong Kong.

The meeting between Blinken and Yang was described as “tough” and “frank” by both sides. While the US has said it wants to work with China on issues such as climate change and the pandemic, it has also called on China to respect human rights and stop its aggressive actions in the South China Sea.

Diplomatic Ultimatum

China's warning to US: "co-operation or confrontation."

China has warned the United States sternly, stating that it must choose between cooperation or confrontation. The ultimatum was delivered by China’s top diplomat, Yang Jiechi, during a virtual meeting with US Secretary of State, Antony Blinken.

Blink en’s Response

Blinken responded that the US is not seeking confrontation with China, but rather wants to ensure that the relationship between the two countries is based on “fairness, reciprocity and respect for international rules and norms.” He also emphasised the importance of addressing human rights issues in China, including the treatment of Uyghur Muslims in Xinjiang.

US-China Relations

The relationship between the US and China has been strained in recent years, with both countries engaging in a trade war and accusing each other of human rights abuses. China’s warning to the US comes as tensions continue to rise between the two nations.

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It remains to be seen how the US will respond to China’s ultimatum, but the relationship between the two countries will be a key issue in international relations for the foreseeable future.

Areas of Cooperation and Confrontation

China warns US, emphasizing choice between cooperation or confrontation. Tension evident in body language and facial expressions

China and the United States have a complex relationship, with areas of both cooperation and confrontation. The following are some of the key areas where the two countries have worked together and where they have faced challenges.

Trade and Economic Policies

China and the United States are two of the world’s largest economies, and their trade relationship is critical to the global economy. However, the two countries have had a long-standing trade dispute, with the US accusing China of unfair trade practices, intellectual property theft, and currency manipulation. This has led to the imposition of tariffs on both sides, which has hurt businesses and consumers in both countries.

Military and Security Issues

China’s growing military power and territorial ambitions have raised concerns in the United States and other countries in the region. The US has accused China of militarizing the South China Sea, and has increased its military presence in the region in response. The two countries have also clashed over Taiwan, with the US supporting the island’s independence and China claiming it as part of its territory.

Human Rights and Cybersecurity

The US has raised concerns about China’s human rights record, particularly in relation to Tibet, Xinjiang, and Hong Kong. China has been accused of suppressing dissent, cracking down on religious and ethnic minorities, and violating international human rights standards. The two countries have also clashed over cybersecurity, with the US accusing China of state-sponsored hacking and cyber espionage.

In conclusion, the relationship between China and the United States is complex, with cooperation and confrontation in several key areas. While there are challenges to be addressed, there are also opportunities for the two countries to work together to address global issues such as climate change and economic development.

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Implications for International Relations

China's warning to US: "Co-operation or confrontation" in international relations

Allies’ Reactions

China’s warning to the US about the need to choose between “cooperation or confrontation” has implications for international relations, particularly about how US allies will react. The US has traditionally relied on its allies in the Asia-Pacific region to help counterbalance China’s growing influence. However, some of these allies, such as Japan and South Korea, have been hesitant to take a hardline stance against China, preferring instead to maintain good economic relations with their neighbour.

The recent warning from China could further complicate matters for the US and its allies, as it may force them to choose between maintaining good economic relations with China or siding with the US in a potential confrontation. This could lead to a fracturing of the US-led alliance system in the region, which could ultimately benefit China.

Global Strategic Balance

China’s warning also has implications for the global strategic balance. The US has been increasingly concerned about China’s military modernisation and its growing influence in the Asia-Pacific region. The US has responded by increasing its military presence in the region and strengthening its alliances with countries such as Japan and South Korea.

However, China’s warning could be seen as a challenge to the US’s strategic position in the region. If the US were to back down in the face of China’s warning, it could be seen as a sign of weakness, which could embolden China to further assert its influence in the region.

On the other hand, if the US were to take a hardline stance against China, it could risk escalating tensions and potentially even leading to a military confrontation. This would have serious implications for the global strategic balance, particularly given the nuclear capabilities of both countries.

Overall, China’s warning to the US has significant implications for international relations and the global strategic balance. The US and its allies will need to carefully consider their response in order to maintain stability and avoid further escalating tensions in the region.

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Iran Seizes Israel-Linked Container Vessel Following Suspected Israeli Air Strike on Consular Building in Damascus

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Iran has seized an Israel-linked container vessel in response to a suspected Israeli air strike on its consular building in Damascus. The seizure of the vessel is the latest in a series of incidents between Iran and Israel, highlighting the ongoing tensions between the two countries.

The vessel, which was reportedly carrying a cargo of chemicals, was seized in the Persian Gulf and taken to an Iranian port for inspection. The incident has raised concerns about the safety of shipping in the region, as tensions between Iran and Israel continue to simmer. The Israeli government has not commented on the incident, but it is believed that the vessel was owned by an Israeli company.

The seizure of the vessel comes amid rising tensions between Iran and Israel, which have been exacerbated by a series of incidents in recent months. In addition to the suspected air strike on the Iranian consular building in Damascus, there have been a number of other incidents, including attacks on Israeli-owned ships and alleged sabotage at an Iranian nuclear facility. The situation is likely to remain tense, with both sides vowing to respond to any further provocations.

Iran’s Seizure of Israeli-Linked Vessel

Circumstances of the Seizure

On April 13, 2024, Iran’s Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) seized an Israeli-linked container vessel in the Persian Gulf, claiming it had violated Iranian territorial waters. The vessel, named MV Rachel, was reportedly owned by an Israeli shipping company and was sailing from the UAE to India when it was intercepted by Iranian naval forces.

According to Iranian state media, the vessel was carrying “contraband” and was seized in accordance with Iran’s maritime laws. However, Israeli officials have denied any wrongdoing and accused Iran of using the seizure as a pretext to escalate tensions in the region.

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International Response

The seizure of the MV Rachel has drawn condemnation from the international community, with many countries calling for the immediate release of the vessel and its crew. The United States, the United Kingdom, France, and Germany have all issued statements expressing concern over the incident and calling for a peaceful resolution to the crisis.

Israel has not yet commented on the seizure, but the country’s defence minister has warned that Israel will not tolerate any threats to its security and will take all necessary measures to protect its interests.

The seizure of the MV Rachel comes amid rising tensions between Iran and Israel, following a suspected Israeli air strike on Iran’s consular building in Damascus. Tehran has vowed to respond to the attack, raising fears of a wider conflict in the region.

Suspected Israeli Air Strike in Damascus

Israeli airstrike in Damascus, container vessel seized by Iran. Tension and retaliation loom

On April 13, 2024, Tehran vowed to respond to a suspected Israeli air strike on its consular building in Damascus. The attack reportedly occurred on April 12, 2024, and targeted the Iranian Consulate in Damascus. While there are no official reports of casualties or damage, the attack has been condemned by the Iranian government.

Details of the Attack

The details of the attack are still unclear, but it is suspected that Israeli forces were responsible. The Israeli government has not officially claimed responsibility for the attack. However, Israel has been known to carry out similar attacks in the past, targeting Iranian military and diplomatic installations in Syria.

Iran’s Vow for Retaliation

In response to the suspected Israeli air strike, Tehran has vowed to retaliate. Iranian officials have not provided any details on what form the retaliation will take, but have warned that Israel will face consequences for its actions.

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The attack on the Iranian Consulate in Damascus comes amid rising tensions between Iran and Israel. The two countries have been engaged in a long-standing conflict, with Israel accusing Iran of supporting terrorist groups and pursuing nuclear weapons. Iran, in turn, has accused Israel of carrying out attacks on its nuclear facilities and assassinating its scientists.

The situation is likely to escalate further if Iran carries out its threat of retaliation. The international community has called for calm and urged both sides to exercise restraint.

Implications for Regional Stability

Iranian military surrounds a container vessel with Israeli markings. Tehran threatens retaliation for suspected Israeli attack

The seizure of an Israel-linked container vessel by Iran has raised concerns about the potential for escalation in the region. Tehran has accused Israel of being behind a suspected air strike on its consular building in Damascus and has vowed to respond.

The incident highlights the ongoing tensions between Iran and Israel, which have been at odds for decades. It also underscores the broader geopolitical challenges facing the Middle East, where various actors are competing for influence and power.

The implications for regional stability are significant. The seizure of the vessel could lead to further tit-for-tat actions between Iran and Israel, potentially escalating into a wider conflict. It could also strain relations between Iran and other countries in the region, including Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, which have been critical of Iran’s actions in the past.

Moreover, the incident could have economic consequences, as it could disrupt shipping routes in the region and affect the flow of goods. This could have a ripple effect on global trade and the wider economy.

Overall, the situation underscores the need for diplomacy and dialogue to resolve the underlying issues driving these tensions. It also highlights the importance of regional cooperation and the need for all parties to work together to promote stability and security in the Middle East.

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The Israeli Colonial-Settler State Unmasked: Democracy No Barrier to Genocide

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The Israeli colonial settler state has been a topic of controversy for decades. The idea of a state based on the colonisation of another people’s land has been criticised by many as a violation of human rights and international law. The recent unmasking of the Israeli colonial settler state has brought these criticisms to the forefront of international attention.

Israel’s democracy has been touted by many as a model for the Middle East. However, the reality is that the Israeli state has been accused of committing genocide against the Palestinian people. This accusation is not new, but it has gained traction in recent years as more and more evidence has come to light. Just like the historic Anglo-American colonialism in the US, Canada and Australia, Israel’s democracy has not been a barrier to genocide.

The unmasking of the Israeli colonial-settler state has been a long time coming. The international community has been calling for an end to Israel’s occupation of Palestinian land for decades. However, it is only in recent years that the world has begun to see the true nature of the Israeli state. The evidence of genocide and human rights violations has become too overwhelming to ignore.

Historical Context of Israeli Settlements

Origins of Israeli Colonial-Settler State

The establishment of the Israeli state in 1948 marked the beginning of a long-standing conflict with the Palestinian people. Israel’s occupation of Palestinian land and the construction of settlements in the West Bank and Gaza Strip have been a source of tension and violence for decades. The Israeli colonial-settler state has been unmasked for what it is, with its policies of ethnic cleansing, displacement, and genocide being exposed for the world to see.

The origins of the Israeli colonial-settler state can be traced back to the early Zionist movement, which advocated for the creation of a Jewish homeland in Palestine. In the early 20th century, Jewish settlers began to arrive in Palestine, purchasing land from absentee landlords and displacing Palestinian farmers. This process of colonization continued after the establishment of the Israeli state in 1948, with the Israeli government actively promoting the settlement of Jewish Israelis in the West Bank and Gaza Strip.

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Comparative Analysis of Anglo-American Colonialism

The Israeli colonial-settler state shares many similarities with historic Anglo-American colonialism in the US, Canada, and Australia. Like these former colonial powers, Israel has used violence, displacement, and genocide to maintain its control over Palestinian land. Israel’s democracy is no barrier to these policies, as evidenced by the ongoing occupation and settlement of Palestinian land.

One key difference between Israeli colonialism and Anglo-American colonialism is the role of religion in the former. While Anglo-American colonialism was often justified on secular grounds, such as the need for resources or the spread of civilization, Israeli colonialism is rooted in religious beliefs about the Jewish people’s rightful claim to the land of Israel. This has led to a particularly brutal form of colonialism, with Israeli settlers often using violence and intimidation to displace Palestinian families from their homes.

In conclusion, the historical context of Israeli settlements is rooted in the early Zionist movement’s desire for a Jewish homeland in Palestine. The Israeli colonial-settler state has been unmasked for what it is, with its policies of ethnic cleansing, displacement, and genocide being exposed for the world to see. The similarities between Israeli colonialism and historic Anglo-American colonialism are striking, with both using violence and displacement to maintain control over colonized lands.

Democracy and Its Limits

Mechanisms of Israeli Democracy

Israel has long been touted as a democratic state in the Middle East. However, the reality is that the mechanisms of Israeli democracy have been used to systematically oppress and disenfranchise the Palestinian people. The Israeli government has used a variety of tactics, such as gerrymandering and discriminatory laws, to ensure that Palestinians are not able to fully participate in the democratic process.

For example, the Israeli government has implemented a number of laws that discriminate against Palestinians, such as the “Jewish Nation-State Law” which declares that only Jewish people have the right to self-determination in Israel. This law effectively disenfranchises the Palestinian population and reinforces the idea that Israel is a colonial-settler state.

Democratic Facade and Human Rights Violations

Despite claims of being a democratic state, Israel has a long history of human rights violations against the Palestinian people. These violations include the construction of illegal settlements in the West Bank, the use of excessive force against protesters, and the imposition of a blockade on the Gaza Strip.

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Furthermore, Israel’s “democratic facade” has been used to justify these human rights violations. The Israeli government often claims that it is acting in the name of democracy and national security, but in reality, these actions are designed to maintain the status quo and ensure that Israel remains a colonial-settler state.

In conclusion, while Israel may claim to be a democratic state, the reality is that the mechanisms of Israeli democracy have been used to maintain a system of oppression and disenfranchisement against the Palestinian people. The so-called “democratic facade” has been used to justify human rights violations and maintain Israel’s status as a colonial-settler state.

International Perspectives and Responses

Global Reactions to Israeli Policies

The Israeli colonial-settler state has been criticized by many countries and international organizations for its policies towards Palestine. The United Nations has passed several resolutions condemning Israel’s actions, including the expansion of settlements in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. In addition, many countries have imposed economic sanctions on Israel in an attempt to pressure it to change its policies.

One of the most significant global reactions to Israeli policies is the Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions (BDS) movement. The BDS movement aims to put economic and political pressure on Israel to end its occupation of Palestine, dismantle the separation wall, and grant equal rights to Palestinian citizens of Israel. The movement has gained significant support from civil society organizations, trade unions, and political parties around the world.

The Role of International Law

International law has played a significant role in addressing Israeli policies towards Palestine. The International Court of Justice (ICJ) has issued several advisory opinions on the legal status of the Israeli settlements in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. The ICJ has ruled that the settlements are illegal under international law and that Israel is obliged to dismantle them.

In addition, the United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC) has established a commission of inquiry to investigate the Israeli military’s conduct during the 2018 Gaza protests. The commission found that Israeli soldiers had committed war crimes and crimes against humanity by using excessive force against unarmed protesters.

Despite these international efforts, Israel continues to violate international law with impunity. The lack of accountability for Israeli officials has led to widespread criticism of the international community’s failure to take effective action to end the occupation of Palestine.

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