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Joint Statement of President of Pakistan Dr Arif Alvi and President of China Xi Jinping

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At the invitation of H.E. Xi Jinping, President of the People’s Republic of China, H.E. Dr. Arif Alvi, President of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, visited China from 16-17 March 2020. The President was accompanied by the Foreign Minister, Minister for Planning Development and Special Initiatives, and senior officials. During the visit, President Dr. ArifAlvi met with President Xi Jinping.

 

Premier Li Keqiang and Chairman National People’s Congress, Li Zhanshu, also met President Dr. Arif Alvi. Given the depth and breadth of Pakistan-China ties and the finest traditions of both countries to always stand by each other particularly in challenging times, President Dr. Arif Alvi’s first visit to Beijing was a singular expression of Pakistan’s solidarity with its “iron brother.”

The visit was undertaken at a time while China was engaged in a massive national struggle to contain the Covid-19. President Dr. Alvi praised the relentless efforts undertaken by China for containing and controlling the virus, and was confident that the Chinese people under the leadership of President Xi Jinping will emerge stronger and victorious in the aftermath of Covid-19.

President Dr. Arif Alvi also appreciated China’s keen resolve to look after Pakistan’s nationals during this difficult time. The Chinese leadership had assured that it was taking the best possible measures to ensure the safety, health and well-being of Pakistani nationals, including the students. President Xi thanked President Alvi for visiting China at a critical time and expressed profound gratitude for Pakistan’s gesture of support and solidarity.

The Chinese leadership stressed that since the outbreak, the Chinese Communist Party and government have given top priority to people’s life and health. On the basis of nation-wide mobilization, China adopted the most comprehensive, rigorous and thorough measures in little time to contain the virus. Chinese side emphasized that China has made major progress in prevention and control of the virus and will win “People’s War” against Covid-19.

Both China and Pakistan underlined that Covid-19 is a common challenge for humanity and all countries should unite and cooperate to overcome this challenge together. President Alvi spoke highly of China’s major progress in battling the epidemic, and acknowledged that China’s efforts have won time and set a model for the rest of the world to combat the epidemic, and have made contribution to safeguarding global public health security. Leaders of the two countries took the opportunity to exchange views on bilateral, regional and international issues of mutual interest.

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The exchange was marked by the exceptional warmth, the convergence of views, and strategic trust that characterize the China-Pakistan “All-weather Strategic Cooperative Partnership.” Stressing that the close and strategic ties, and deep-rooted friendship between Pakistan and China served the fundamental interests of the two countries and peoples, and contributed to peace, stability and development in the region, the two sides underscored that the enduring partnership between Pakistan and China remains unaffected by the vicissitudes of the regional and international developments and continues to move from strength to strength.

The two sides reaffirmed their resolve to further strengthen China-Pakistan All-Weather Strategic Cooperative Partnership aimed at building a Community of Shared Future in the New Era. Both sides reaffirmed their support on issues concerning each other’s core national interests. The Chinese side reiterated solidarity with Pakistan in safeguarding its territorial sovereignty, independence and security. The Pakistan side reaffirmed its commitment to the One-China Policy and underscored that affairs related to Hong Kong and Taiwan were China’s internal affairs.

The Pakistan side underlined that due to the developmental measures undertaken by Government of China, Xinjiang was on the path to overall social stability and economic development. Pakistan underscored that the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), a signature project of Belt and Road Initiative(BRI), was transformational. A CPEC Authority was established to oversee the expeditious implementation of CPEC projects.

Both sides maintained that the new phase of high-quality development of CPEC will promote industrialization and socio-economic development in Pakistan. Both sides hoped that the 10th Joint Cooperation Committee (JCC) meeting of CPEC, to be held soon, will further contribute to making CPEC a High-Quality Demonstration Project of BRI. Both sides stressed that the economic and social impact of CPEC on the region will be substantial and beneficial and hoped that the international community will support such efforts that underpin economic development.

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Both sides reaffirmed their commitment to fight terrorism in all its forms and manifestations. China recognized measures taken by Pakistan to combat terrorism financing and appreciated the resolve with which Pakistan implemented the Action Plan of FATF. Both sides expressed satisfaction over the close cooperation at multilateral fora and resolved to deepen strategic coordination, consultation and communication. Both sides reaffirmed their commitment to the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, and support for multilateralism and win-win cooperation. Both sides exchanged views on the situation in Jammu & Kashmir.

The Pakistan side briefed the Chinese side on the latest developments, including its concerns, position, and current urgent issues. The Chinese side underscored that it was paying close attention to the current situation and reiterated that the Kashmir issue was a dispute left from history, and should be properly and peacefully resolved based on the UN Security Council resolutions and bilateral agreements. China opposes any unilateral actions that complicate the situation.

Both Pakistan and China welcomed the signing of the Peace Agreement between the U.S. and Taliban and hoped that the intra-Afghan negotiations would be the next logical step. The two sides agreed that all Afghan parties must seize this historic opportunity and work together constructively to secure durable peace and stability in Afghanistan.

The two sides further emphasized the need for the international community to help establish peace as well as extend support for post-conflict reconstruction and economic development in Afghanistan. Pakistan underscored the need to assist the Afghan government in creating an enabling environment and instituting “pull” factors to enable the Afghan refugees to return to their homeland with dignity and honour.

Both sides maintained that they will continue to support a peaceful, stable, united, sovereign, democratic and prosperous Afghanistan, at peace with its neighbors. During the visit, President Dr. Arif Alvi and President Xi Jinping witnessed signing of various Agreements/MoUs. President Dr. Arif Alvi thanked the leadership and people of China for their gracious hospitality and invited the Chinese leadership to visit Pakistan at a mutually convenient time. Both sides agreed to maintain high-level exchanges and mutual contacts.

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US-UK Role in Changing World Order : Speculations,Concerns and Strategies

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The world order is in a state of flux, with shifting power dynamics, rising geopolitical tensions, and emerging challenges that require a concerted effort from global leaders. As two of the most influential nations, the United States (US) and the United Kingdom (UK) have a crucial role to play in shaping the future of the international system. However, their relationship and individual strategies are facing significant challenges that must be addressed to maintain their influence and promote stability.

Speculations on the Changing World Order

The current world order is characterized by the rise of new powers, such as China, and the declining influence of traditional Western powers like the US and UK[1]. This shift is driven by factors such as the digital revolution, globalization, and the changing balance of economic and political power[1]. The US’s “America First” stance and the UK’s post-Brexit challenges have further complicated the situation, leading to a more volatile and unpredictable international environment[1][4].

Concerns for the US-UK Relationship

The US-UK relationship, often referred to as the “special relationship,” is facing significant challenges. The US has taken unilateral decisions on key issues, such as the Iran nuclear deal and trade policy, which have undermined the UK’s interests[1]. The UK has struggled to influence the US administration, which is a reflection of a broader shift in the US towards a more inward-looking approach[1]. Additionally, the UK’s decision to leave the European Union (EU) has weakened its position on the global stage and complicated its relationship with the US[4].

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Strategies for the US and UK

To navigate the changing world order, the US and UK must adapt their strategies and priorities. Here are some key areas that require attention:

Strengthening the Transatlantic Alliance

Despite the challenges, the US-UK relationship remains crucial for maintaining stability and promoting shared values in the international system. Both countries should work to strengthen the transatlantic alliance by fostering closer cooperation on key issues, such as security, trade, and climate change[1][5].

Engaging with Emerging Powers

The rise of new powers, particularly China, presents both opportunities and challenges for the US and UK. While it is important to work with these countries to address global challenges, it is also crucial to ensure that such cooperation is consistent with international humanitarian law and balanced with other close friendships, such as with Japan[1][3].

Promoting Values-Based Foreign Policy

The US and UK should put values at the heart of their foreign policy, promoting democracy, human rights, and the rule of law[2]. This includes tackling entrenched unequal power relations in the current international order and making a substantial impact on poverty and inequality[2].

Strengthening Multilateral Institutions

The US and UK should work to strengthen multilateral institutions, such as the United Nations and the World Trade Organization, to promote global cooperation and address shared challenges[1][3]. This includes reforming these institutions to make them more representative and effective in the face of new challenges[3].

Investing in Soft Power

The US and UK should invest in their soft power assets, such as cultural diplomacy, education, and development assistance, to promote their influence and values on the global stage[1][3]. This includes strengthening partnerships with civil society organizations and promoting inclusive representation at home and abroad[2].

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Conclusion

The changing world order presents significant challenges for the US and UK, but also opportunities to shape a more stable and equitable international system. By adapting their strategies, strengthening their relationship, and promoting shared values, the US and UK can continue to play a leading role in shaping the future of the world order. However, this will require a long-term commitment to multilateralism, values-based foreign policy, and inclusive global governance.

References:
[1] [PDF] UK foreign policy in a shifting world order – Parliament (publications) https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld201719/ldselect/ldintrel/250/250.pdf
[2] Finding Britain’s Role in a Changing World: Building a values-based … https://policy-practice.oxfam.org/resources/finding-britains-role-in-a-changing-world-building-a-values-based-foreign-polic-620950/
[3] New world order (politics) – Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_world_order_%28politics%29
[4] The United Kingdom’s Role in the World – CSIS https://www.csis.org/analysis/united-kingdoms-role-world
[5] Three foreign policy priorities for the next UK government https://www.chathamhouse.org/2024/05/three-foreign-policy-priorities-next-uk-government
[6] An Assessment of Geopolitics and Changing World Order – Part 1 https://monetagroup.com/an-assessment-of-geopolitics-and-changing-world-order-part-1/
[7] Has the UK put all its eggs in one basket in a shifting World order? https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/has-uk-put-all-its-eggs-one-basket-shifting-world-8nape
[8] House of Lords – UK foreign policy in a shifting world order https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld201719/ldselect/ldintrel/250/25009.htm

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The Battle Over TikTok: Can the Company Fight Back?

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The battle over TikTok has raged for months as the United States government has grown increasingly concerned about the potential security risks posed by the popular social media app’s Chinese ownership. In August 2020, President Trump signed an executive order that would have banned TikTok in the US unless its ownership was transferred to an American company. A federal judge later blocked the order, but the threat of a ban has loomed over the app ever since.

A tense standoff in Congress as lawmakers debate the fate of TikTok, with the app's Chinese owner at the center of the controversy

Recently, the US Congress took a first step towards forcing TikTok’s Chinese owner, ByteDance, to sell the app. The move came in the form of the Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act, which was signed into law in December 2020. The law requires foreign companies listed on US stock exchanges to comply with US auditing regulations or face delisting. ByteDance is currently in the process of exploring options to comply with the law, including a possible sale of TikTok to a US buyer.

Key Takeaways

  • The US government has been concerned about the security risks posed by TikTok’s Chinese ownership, and the threat of a ban has loomed over the app for months.
  • The Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act requires foreign companies listed on US stock exchanges to comply with US auditing regulations or face delisting, which could force ByteDance to sell TikTok to a US buyer.
  • The battle over TikTok highlights the economic and political stakes of technology ownership and raises important questions about legislative actions and corporate responses to national security concerns.

Legislative Actions

US Congress passed a bill targeting TikTok's Chinese owner. The scene shows lawmakers debating and voting on the legislation

The battle over TikTok has led to a series of legislative actions by the US Congress. In August 2020, Congress took the first step towards forcing the app’s Chinese owner, ByteDance, to divest TikTok’s US operations to a US-based company. This was in response to concerns over national security and the potential for user data to be accessed by the Chinese government.

Congressional Steps Toward Divestment

The divestment order was issued by the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS), a government agency responsible for reviewing foreign investment in US companies. This order required ByteDance to sell TikTok’s US operations within 90 days, or face a ban on the app in the US.

In response, ByteDance filed a lawsuit challenging the divestment order, arguing that it was not given due process and that the order was politically motivated. However, the lawsuit was dismissed by a federal judge in December 2020.

Legal Implications

The battle over TikTok has raised important legal questions about the relationship between national security and foreign investment in the US. The divestment order issued by CFIUS was based on concerns over national security, but it is unclear whether such concerns can be used to justify forcing a foreign company to sell its US operations.

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Moreover, the battle over TikTok has highlighted the challenges of regulating social media platforms that are owned by foreign companies. TikTok’s Chinese ownership has raised concerns over the potential for user data to be accessed by the Chinese government, leading to calls for greater regulation of social media platforms.

Overall, the battle over TikTok has demonstrated the complex legal and regulatory challenges posed by foreign investment in the US, particularly in the technology sector. While Congress has taken steps towards divesting TikTok’s US operations, the legal implications of such actions remain unclear.

Corporate Response

US Congress confronts TikTok's Chinese owner in a corporate showdown

Company’s Defense Strategy

TikTok’s Chinese owner, ByteDance, has vowed to fight back against the US Congress’s decision to force it to sell off the app’s US operations. The company is reportedly considering several options to defend itself, including legal action, lobbying efforts, and potential partnerships with US companies.

ByteDance has argued that the move by Congress is politically motivated and violates the company’s rights. The company has also emphasized that TikTok’s US user data is stored in the US and is not subject to Chinese government control.

To bolster its defence, ByteDance has hired a team of high-profile lawyers, including former US Solicitor General Theodore Olson. The company is also reportedly exploring potential partnerships with US companies, such as Microsoft, to help address concerns about data security.

Public Relations Efforts

In addition to its legal and lobbying efforts, ByteDance has launched a public relations campaign to defend the app and its Chinese ownership. The company has emphasized TikTok’s popularity and cultural impact, highlighting its role in promoting diversity and creativity.

ByteDance has also sought to distance itself from the Chinese government, emphasizing that it operates independently and is not subject to Chinese censorship laws. The company has also emphasized its commitment to data privacy and security, noting that it stores user data in the US and other countries outside of China.

Despite these efforts, ByteDance faces an uphill battle to defend TikTok’s US operations. The company will need to address concerns about data security and potential Chinese government influence, while also convincing US lawmakers and regulators that it can operate independently and in the best interests of US users.

Economic and Political Stakes

US Congress debates TikTok's fate, symbolized by a scale weighing economic and political stakes

The battle over TikTok has major economic and political implications for both the United States and China. With more than 91 million users in the US alone, TikTok has become a significant player in the social media landscape, and its popularity has made it a target of concern for US lawmakers. The recent moves by the US Congress to force the app’s Chinese owner to sell it off have raised questions about the future of the app and its impact on US-China relations.

Impact on US-China Relations

The battle over TikTok has the potential to further strain already tense relations between the US and China. The Trump administration has been vocal in its criticism of China, and the move to force the sale of TikTok is just the latest in a series of actions taken against Chinese companies. The Chinese government has responded with its own set of measures, including new restrictions on US tech companies operating in China.

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The ongoing battle over TikTok has also highlighted concerns about data privacy and security. US lawmakers have raised concerns about the app’s data collection practices and the potential for the Chinese government to access user data. China has denied any wrongdoing and has accused the US of using national security concerns as a pretext for protectionism.

Consequences for Global Markets

The battle over TikTok has wider implications for global markets. The app’s popularity has made it a significant player in the social media landscape, and its forced sale could have ripple effects on the tech industry as a whole. The move could also have implications for other Chinese companies operating in the US, and could lead to a wider crackdown on Chinese investment in the US.

The battle over TikTok is likely to continue for some time, and the outcome is far from certain. However, the economic and political stakes are high, and the impact of the battle could be felt for years to come.

Frequently Asked Questions

US Congress confronts TikTok's Chinese owner in a battle

What is the rationale behind the US Congress’s move to force a sale of TikTok?

The US Congress has expressed concerns about the potential national security risks posed by TikTok’s ownership by Chinese company ByteDance. Lawmakers have cited fears that TikTok’s data collection practices may be used by the Chinese government to gather sensitive information on US citizens. The move to force a sale of TikTok is seen as a way to mitigate these risks.

What is the status of the legislation aimed at banning TikTok?

As of the current date, no legislation has been passed to ban TikTok in the US. However, the US Department of Commerce has taken steps to restrict the app’s use in the country. In September 2020, the Department announced that it would ban TikTok from US app stores, though this decision was later temporarily blocked by a federal judge.

How might TikTok’s ownership respond to the US legislative actions?

TikTok’s ownership has previously pushed back against US legislative actions aimed at restricting the app’s use. The company has argued that it operates independently of the Chinese government and has taken steps to distance itself from its Chinese roots, including hiring US-based executives and establishing a US-based subsidiary. However, it remains to be seen how the company will respond to the latest legislative actions aimed at forcing a sale of the app.

What are the potential consequences for users if TikTok is banned in the US?

If TikTok is banned in the US, users may lose access to the app’s social media features, including the ability to create and share short-form videos. However, it is worth noting that TikTok’s popularity has led to the emergence of several alternative social media apps that offer similar features, such as Instagram’s Reels and Byte, which was created by the co-founder of Vine.

Has any legislation been passed to date regarding the prohibition of TikTok?

As of the current date, no legislation has been passed to prohibit the use of TikTok in the US. However, the US government has taken steps to restrict the app’s use, including the aforementioned ban on TikTok in US app stores.

Which other countries have taken steps to ban or restrict TikTok?

Several other countries, including India and Pakistan, have taken steps to ban or restrict TikTok over concerns about national security and user privacy. In India, TikTok was banned in June 2020, along with several other Chinese-owned apps. In Pakistan, the government has announced plans to ban TikTok unless the app takes steps to address concerns about “obscenity and immorality.”

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Decoding China’s Consumer Price Rebound Amid Deflation Risks: Insights & Analysis

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Introduction

China’s consumer prices have shown signs of rebounding, thanks to a holiday boom. The Consumer Price Index (CPI) grew by 0.7% year on year in February, surpassing expectations and marking the first rise after six consecutive months of decline. However, amidst this positive development, there are looming concerns about deflation risks as factory gate prices continue to fall for the 17th consecutive month. This article delves into the intricacies of China’s current economic landscape, analyzing the factors contributing to the CPI growth and exploring the implications of persistent deflation risks.

1: Understanding China’s Consumer Price Index (CPI) Growth
The Consumer Price Index (CPI) serves as a key indicator of inflation and reflects changes in the prices paid by consumers for goods and services. The recent 0.7% year-on-year growth in China’s CPI in February has sparked optimism among economists and policymakers. This growth can be attributed to various factors, including increased consumer spending during holidays, rising demand for certain goods and services, and government stimulus measures aimed at boosting consumption.

2: Implications of CPI Growth on China’s Economy
The rebound in consumer prices has significant implications for China’s economy. A positive CPI growth indicates a healthier level of inflation, which can stimulate economic activity by encouraging spending and investment. It also reflects improved consumer confidence and overall economic stability. However, it is essential to monitor the sustainability of this growth and its impact on other economic indicators.

3: Analyzing Deflation Risks in China’s Economy
Despite the encouraging CPI growth, there are concerns about deflation risks looming over China’s economy. The continuous decline in factory gate prices for the 17th consecutive month is seen as a warning signal by analysts. Deflation can have detrimental effects on an economy, leading to reduced consumer spending, lower corporate profits, and potential economic stagnation. Policymakers must address these deflation risks proactively to prevent long-term negative consequences.

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4: Factors Contributing to Deflation Risks
Several factors contribute to the deflation risks faced by China’s economy. Overcapacity in certain industries, weak global demand, trade tensions, and technological advancements leading to cost reductions are some of the key factors driving down factory gate prices. Addressing these underlying issues requires a comprehensive approach that involves structural reforms, targeted stimulus measures, and strategic policy interventions.

5: Strategies to Mitigate Deflation Risks
To mitigate deflation risks and sustain economic growth, policymakers in China need to implement effective strategies. These may include promoting domestic consumption through incentives and subsidies, fostering innovation and technological advancement to enhance competitiveness, addressing overcapacity through industry restructuring, and maintaining a stable macroeconomic environment through prudent monetary and fiscal policies.

Conclusion
China’s consumer price rebound offers a glimmer of hope amidst challenging economic conditions. While the CPI growth signals positive momentum in the short term, it is essential to address the underlying deflation risks to ensure long-term economic stability and growth. By understanding the factors contributing to CPI growth and deflation risks, policymakers can formulate targeted strategies to navigate these challenges effectively. Monitoring economic indicators closely and implementing proactive measures will be crucial in safeguarding China’s economy against potential downturns.

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